"Mucinous adenocarcinoma contains extracellular mucin pools surrounded by neoplastic epithelial cells. It is associated with molecular features that differ from conventional adenocarcinoma, including increased frequencies of BRAF and KRAS mutations, MUC2 overexpression and microsatellite instability 1."
"Mucinous adenocarcinoma contains extracellular mucin pools surrounded by neoplastic epithelial cells. It is associated with molecular features that differ from conventional adenocarcinoma, including increased frequencies of BRAF and KRAS mutations, MUC2 overexpression and microsatellite instability 1."
"T category, depth of extramural spread and relationship to the mesorectal fascia"
Expected headings
"Mucinous adenocarcinoma"
"Signet ring cell carcinoma"
"Post-treatment mucinous degeneration"
"Mucinous adenocarcinoma"
"Signet ring cell carcinoma"
"Post-treatment assessment"
"PET-CT"
"Metastatic disease and recurrence"
"Signet ring cell carcinoma contains abundant intracytoplasmic mucin that displaces the nucleus to the cell periphery. It is an undifferentiated, high-grade tumour with a propensity for lymphatic, vascular and perineural invasion. It typically spreads within the submucosa and may produce a rectal linitis plastica pattern 1,2."
"tumour length, location and relationship to the anal verge, anorectal junction and anterior peritoneal reflection"
"describe residual intermediate-signal, enhancing or diffusion-restricting components"
"Signet ring cell carcinoma is aggressive, frequently presents with advanced local, nodal or metastatic disease and generally has the poorest prognosis of the mucin-containing subtypes. Advanced nodal disease is associated with worse disease-free survival 1,2."
"The prognostic importance of post-treatment mucinous degeneration remains uncertain. Although previously considered a favourable response marker, a more recent cohort found no significant association with complete pathological response, recurrence or overall survival. It must not be regarded as evidence of complete response 3."
"conventional rectal adenocarcinoma with necrosis, oedema or treatment-related change"
"secondary rectal linitis plastica from direct invasion or metastatic gastric, breast, bladder or prostate malignancy"
"mucinous metastasis involving the rectum, particularly from colonic, gastric or ovarian primary tumours"