"The large cup-shaped peripheral zone (PZ) encompasses the central and transition zones and accounts for approximately 70% of the total prostate volume in a young adult 13. The peripheral zone is deficient anteriorly where it is replaced by the anterior fibromuscular stroma (AFMS) 13. The peripheral zone surrounds the distal prostatic urethra at the apex of the prostate and extends posterolaterally to the base 13. The peripheral zone is separated from central and transitional zones by a fibrous layer13. The majority (70%) of prostatic tumours occur in the peripheral zone 13."
"The large cup-shaped peripheral zone (PZ) encompasses the central and transition zones and accounts for approximately 70% of the total prostate volume in a young adult 13. The peripheral zone is deficient anteriorly where it is replaced by the anterior fibromuscular stroma (AFMS) 13. The peripheral zone surrounds the distal prostatic urethra at the apex of the prostate and extends posterolaterally to the base 13. The peripheral zone is separated from central and transitional zones by a fibrous layer13. The majority (70%) of prostatic tumours occur in the peripheral zone 13."
"The large cup-shaped peripheral zone (PZ) encompasses the central and transition zones and accounts for approximately 70% of the total prostate volume in a young adult 13. The peripheral zone is deficient anteriorly where it is replaced by the anterior fibromuscular stroma (AFMS) 13. The peripheral zone surrounds the distal prostatic urethra at the apex of the prostate and extends posterolaterally to the base 13. The peripheral zone is separated from central and transitional zones by a fibrous layer13. The majority (70%) of prostatic tumours occur in the peripheral zone 13."
"The small wedge-shaped central zone (CZ) constitutes up 25% of the prostate volume and contains the ejaculatory ducts 13. It is posterior to the prostatic urethra and forms the base of the prostate."
"The small wedge-shaped central zone (CZ) constitutes up 25% of the prostate volume and contains the ejaculatory ducts 13. It is posterior to the prostatic urethra and forms the base of the prostate."
"The smaller transition zone (TZ) makes up the remaining 5% of the prostate volume 13. It surrounds the proximal and middle portions of the prostatic urethra with the bulk of this zone lying anterolateral to the prostatic urethra 2-4. Benign prostatic hypertrophy occurs in the transition zone 13. About 20% of prostatic cancers come from transition zone 13. The transition zone is occasionally written incorrectly as the transitional zone."
"The smaller transition zone (TZ) makes up the remaining 5% of the prostate volume 13. It surrounds the proximal and middle portions of the prostatic urethra with the bulk of this zone lying anterolateral to the prostatic urethra 2-4. Benign prostatic hypertrophy occurs in the transition zone 13. About 20% of prostatic cancers come from transition zone 13. The transition zone is occasionally written incorrectly as the transitional zone."
"parasympathetic fibres supplying the inferior hypogastric plexus arise from the pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-S4) 13"
"sympathetic fibres supplying the inferior hypogastric plexus primarily arise from the lumbar splanchnic nerves (L1-L2), with some minor contribution from the superior hypogastric plexus via the hypogastric nerves"
"using a bullet shape (combining a cylinder and one-half of an ellipsoid; 0.65 x width x height x length) is a better approximation, perhaps slightly more prone to inter-observer variability, but may impact PSA density cutoff value 17-19"
"using a bullet shape (combining a cylinder and one-half of an ellipsoid; 0.65 x width x height x length) is a better approximation, perhaps slightly more prone to inter-observer variability, but may impact PSA density cutoff value 17-19"
"the central zone appears hyperdense between 40-60 HU"
"the peripheral zone appears hypodense between 10-25 HU"
Expected headings
"Zonal anatomy"
"Historically, the prostate was described as having five lobes, the anterior, posterior, median and two lateral lobes. The anterior lobe which joined the two lateral lobes to each other was also known as the isthmus 12."
"some drainage to external iliac, presacral and para-aortic nodes 1-4"
"using a bullet shape (combining a cylinder and one-half of an ellipsoid; 0.65 x width x height x length) is a better approximation, perhaps slightly more prone to inter-observer variability, but may impact PSA density cutoff value 17-19"