"The trigeminal nerve is the fifth (CN V) cranial nerve and its primary role is relaying sensory information from the face and head, although it does provide motor control to the muscles of mastication via the mandibular division (TA: nervus trigeminus or nervus cranialis V)."
"Ophthalmic division/nerve (V1 or Va)"
"Maxillary division/nerve (V2 or Vb)"
"Mandibular division/nerve (V3 or Vc)"
Expected headings
"Nuclei"
"Motor and sensory roots"
"Nerve root entry zone and transition zone"
"Intracranial extra-axial course"
"Ophthalmic division/nerve (V1 or Va)"
"Maxillary division/nerve (V2 or Vb)"
"Mandibular division/nerve (V3 or Vc)"
"There are four cranial nerve nuclei: three sensory and one motor."
"mesencephalic nucleus: proprioceptive fibres for muscles of the face, orbit, mastication, and tongue; extends through the whole length of the midbrain, lateral to the cerebral aqueduct"
"spinal nucleus: lower pons to upper cervical cord (as far as the third cervical segment), is responsible for pain and temperature; additionally it receives afferent fibres from the facial nerve, glossopharyngeal nerve and vagus nerve"
"Courses inferiorly through the foramen ovale to enter the infratemporal fossa; hence, it does not pass through the cavernous sinus. It consists of a sensory root and a smaller motor root, the latter of which bypasses the trigeminal ganglion inferiorly. These roots pass through the foramen ovale separately and then unite just below the foramen. It immediately gives off the nervus spinosus and the nerve to the medial pterygoid from the main trunk. It then descends in the infratemporal fossa, passing between the tensor veli palatini and lateral pterygoid muscles before dividing into anterior and posterior divisions:"
"Usually superomedial to, and within 4 mm of the sensory root, one or more motor roots emerge. In ~50% of cases, this is a single nerve root, with two or three roots being less common 8. They are most often located superomedial to the sensory root but can be directly superior, medial or even superolateral 8,9. These nerve roots can be identified on routine MRI 8."
"Usually superomedial to, and within 4 mm of the sensory root, one or more motor roots emerge. In ~50% of cases, this is a single nerve root, with two or three roots being less common 8. They are most often located superomedial to the sensory root but can be directly superior, medial or even superolateral 8,9. These nerve roots can be identified on routine MRI 8."
"Having exited the mid pons anteriorly, the cisternal portion of the trigeminal nerve courses anterosuperiorly through the prepontine cistern (cisternal portion) and crosses the porus trigeminus to enter a prolongation of dura at the apex of the petrous temporal bone known as the Meckel cave (cavernous portion), where its sensory fibres form the trigeminal ganglion (also known as the Gasserian or semilunar ganglion). It then divides into three main branches, known as divisions: ophthalmic, maxillary and mandibular."