"Hydroxyapatite crystal deposition disease (HADD) or calcium apatite deposition disease (CADD) is a disease of uncertain aetiology characterised by periarticular and intra-articular calcium deposits."
"This process can affect other tendons of the body, such as the gluteus medius tendon, or along the femur, as well as at various sites of tendinous attachments (e.g. elbow, wrist, hand, knee, ankle, foot, and spine) 2."
Expected headings
"Complications"
"The exact aetiology has not been described; however, it is believed that calcific deposits begin to accumulate in damaged tendons (secondary to trauma) via fibrocartilaginous metaplasia 6."
"When intra-articular, calcium apatite crystals can cause joint destruction. Any joint can be involved; the shoulder is most commonly affected, resulting in Milwaukee shoulder 4. "
"Early studies suggested the periarticular calcific deposits seen in this condition were of hydroxyapatite 7; however, other analyses have shown deposits contain carbonate apatite and no evidence of hydroxyapatite 8,9, suggesting that the term hydroxyapatite deposition disease is a misnomer."
"This process can affect other tendons of the body, such as the gluteus medius tendon, or along the femur, as well as at various sites of tendinous attachments (e.g. elbow, wrist, hand, knee, ankle, foot, and spine) 2."
"The appearance will vary based on the calcific stage, broken into the formative, resting and resorptive phases. The formative and resting phases will appear as round-to-ovoid calcification in the soft tissue with well-defined borders. The resorptive phase will appear ill-defined with a comet tail-like appearance. The resorptive phase may mimic a periosteal reaction 6."
"It appears as homogeneous, round-to-ovoid calcification in the soft tissue with well-defined or ill-defined margins 10. The most characteristic lesions are seen in the shoulder with supraspinatus, infraspinatus or subscapularis 14 tendon involvement, respectively, where these tendons attach."