"after first unprovoked seizure post-acutely in order to identify potential epileptogenic lesions and establish a syndromic diagnosis"
"non-contrast head CT is indicated immediately in order to exclude acute, life-threatening intracranial pathology (e.g. acute haemorrhage, large mass effect, or severe trauma), particularly in patients presenting with focal seizure onset or neurological deficits"
"when atypical features in generalised epilepsy are present, such as neurodevelopmental delay, cognitive decline, treatment resistance, or focal interictal epileptiform activity on EEG"
Expected headings
"CT"
"MRI"
"Nuclear medicine"
"in newly diagnosed focal epilepsy for early risk stratification, because demonstrating a structural lesion strongly predicts pharmacoresistance and facilitates timely referral for presurgical evaluation; for example, early identification of hippocampal sclerosis confers a threefold increase in the risk of developing pharmacoresistance over time 2"