Radiopaedia Helpers

Prefix Hyphens

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"Mediastinal teratomas are germ cell tumours located in the anterior mediastinum, representing the most common extra-gonadal germ cell tumours."

Line 1:145 · A prefix takes a hyphen only to avoid a duplicate letter: 'extra-gonadal'.

Strong

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"mass effect"

Line 10:1 · Generally, don't use bold in text: 'mass effect'

"endocrine functionhormone production, e.g. beta-HCG, insulin"

Line 21:1 · Generally, don't use bold in text: 'endocrine function'

"rupture"

Line 24:1 · Generally, don't use bold in text: 'rupture'

"Mature teratomas have been associated with:"

Line 53:4 · Generally, don't use bold in text: 'Mature teratomas '

"Immature teratomas can be associated with:"

Line 57:4 · Generally, don't use bold in text: 'Immature teratomas'

Acronyms

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"endocrine functionhormone production, e.g. beta-HCG, insulin"

Line 21:77 · 'HCG' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"Treatment depends on whether the teratoma is mature or immature. In the former, surgical resection is curative. In the latter management depends on alpha-FP levels. If these are elevated then postoperative chemotherapy is usually employed ⁸."

Line 92:158 · 'FP' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"fistula(e) formation: aorta, SVC, oesophagus, bronchus"

Line 99:34 · 'SVC' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

Headings Valid

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Expected headings

H1 Terminology
H1 Usage
H1 Epidemiology
H2 Risk factors
H2 Associations
H1 Clinical presentation
H2 Complications
H1 Diagnosis
H2 Diagnostic criteria
H2 Diagnostic clues
H1 Pathology
H2 Aetiology
H2 Location
H2 Classification
H2 Macroscopic appearance
H2 Microscopic appearance
H2 Immunophenotype
H2 Markers
H2 Genetics
H1 Radiographic features
H2 Plain radiograph
H2 Mammography
H2 Antenatal ultrasound
H2 Transoesophageal echocardiography
H2 Ultrasound
H2 CT
H3 Dual-energy CT
H2 Angiography (DSA)
H2 MRI
H2 CT/MRI
H2 Nuclear medicine
H3 PET-CT
H3 PET-MRI
H1 Radiology report
H1 Treatment and prognosis
H2 Complications
H1 History and etymology
H1 Differential diagnosis
H2 Clinical differential diagnosis
H1 Practical points
H1 See also

"Associations"

Line 52:1 · "Associations" is under the wrong parent heading (found under "Pathology").

"Mature teratoma"

Line 64:1 · "Mature teratoma" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Immature"

Line 85:1 · "Immature" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Potential complications include"

Line 94:1 · "Potential complications include" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

Oxford Comma

suggestion

"Mediastinal teratomas are germ cell tumours arising from ectopic pluripotent stem cells that failed to migrate from yolk endoderm to the gonad. By definition, they should contain elements from all three embryological layers: endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm. Frequently, however, elements from only two layers are evident ⁷ (see teratoma article)."

Line 38:243 · Use the Oxford comma in 'endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm'.

Semicolons

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"Because they originate from primitive cells, they have variable neoplastic potential. Generally, cystic lesions tend to be benign whereas solid lesions tend to be malignant; however the final diagnosis is made histologically."

Line 48:176 · Use semicolons judiciously.

Commas

suggestion

"Mature teratomas and most immature teratomas are benign tumours, but still, carry a risk of malignancy despite being indolent initially and require close clinical, serological, and radiological follow-up, or surgical excision^4,5,9. There is also a low incidence of malignant transformation of somatic cells (i.e. non-germ cell components) within these tumours, e.g. carcinoma, sarcoma, leukaemia ⁶."

Line 49:67 · More than 5 commas in a single sentence might make it more difficult to read.

There Is

suggestion

"Mature teratomas and most immature teratomas are benign tumours, but still, carry a risk of malignancy despite being indolent initially and require close clinical, serological, and radiological follow-up, or surgical excision^4,5,9. There is also a low incidence of malignant transformation of somatic cells (i.e. non-germ cell components) within these tumours, e.g. carcinoma, sarcoma, leukaemia ⁶."

Line 49:249 · Don't start a sentence with 'There is'.

Lint: mediastinal-teratoma