Radiopaedia Helpers

Adjectival Hyphens

error

"post-systolic thickening"

Line 80:8 · Only use medical adjectival hyphens where the letters at the end and start of the compound word are the same, e.g. post-transplant. In this case, don't use the hyphen: 'post-systolic'.

"post-systolic thickening"

Line 108:8 · Only use medical adjectival hyphens where the letters at the end and start of the compound word are the same, e.g. post-transplant. In this case, don't use the hyphen: 'post-systolic'.

Strong List Colon Position

error

"perfusion imaging: decreased or delayed uptake during the first-pass perfusion at vasodilator stress and/or at rest"

Line 111:8 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. 'perfusion imaging: decreased'

"T2/STIR black blood: hyperintensity indicates myocardial oedema and thus advanced ischaemic injury"

Line 112:8 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. 'T2/STIR black blood: hyperintensity'

"IRGE/PSIR: subendocardial late gadolinium enhancement indicates myocardial necrosis or myocardial scar from previous myocardial infarction"

Line 113:8 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. 'IRGE/PSIR: subendocardial'

Units

error

"Can be done as a Technetium-99m MIBI SPECT or Technetium-99m tetrofosmin SPECT scan for stress and resting scan. On perfusion scintigraphy, a decrease in regional flow would typically result in a cold defect area. There may be an associated regional wall motion abnormality or decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction."

Line 118:21 · Put a space between the number and the unit in 'Technetium-99m'.

"Can be done as a Technetium-99m MIBI SPECT or Technetium-99m tetrofosmin SPECT scan for stress and resting scan. On perfusion scintigraphy, a decrease in regional flow would typically result in a cold defect area. There may be an associated regional wall motion abnormality or decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction."

Line 118:50 · Put a space between the number and the unit in 'Technetium-99m'.

Isotope Notation

error

"In ¹⁸F-flurpiridaz, ¹³N-ammonia and ⁸²Rb-chloride PET, reversible perfusion defects are usually interpreted as myocardial ischaemia, whereas fixed, persisting perfusion defects indicate hibernating myocardium or myocardial scar tissue ¹⁹."

Line 121:12 · Write the isotope as symbol-mass, e.g. F-18, not '18F'.

"In ¹⁸F-flurpiridaz, ¹³N-ammonia and ⁸²Rb-chloride PET, reversible perfusion defects are usually interpreted as myocardial ischaemia, whereas fixed, persisting perfusion defects indicate hibernating myocardium or myocardial scar tissue ¹⁹."

Line 121:40 · Write the isotope as symbol-mass, e.g. F-18, not '13N'.

"In ¹⁸F-flurpiridaz, ¹³N-ammonia and ⁸²Rb-chloride PET, reversible perfusion defects are usually interpreted as myocardial ischaemia, whereas fixed, persisting perfusion defects indicate hibernating myocardium or myocardial scar tissue ¹⁹."

Line 121:67 · Write the isotope as symbol-mass, e.g. F-18, not '82Rb'.

Acronyms

warning

"The total prevalence of ischaemic heart disease in the US is ~4.5-6% for adults >20 years old and is more common in males than in females ¹. Globally, it is the leading cause of death, and global mortality rates range from below 150/100,000 in most of the world up to 280/100,000 in Eastern Europe and Central Asia ^1,2."

Line 3:59 · 'US' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"IRGE/PSIR: subendocardial late gadolinium enhancement indicates myocardial necrosis or myocardial scar from previous myocardial infarction"

Line 113:21 · 'PSIR' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"coronary embolism: PFO closure device, antiplatelet therapy, anticoagulation"

Line 145:30 · 'PFO' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

Headings Valid

warning

Expected headings

H1 Terminology
H1 Usage
H1 Epidemiology
H2 Risk factors
H2 Associations
H1 Clinical presentation
H2 Complications
H1 Diagnosis
H2 Diagnostic criteria
H2 Diagnostic clues
H1 Pathology
H2 Aetiology
H2 Location
H2 Classification
H2 Macroscopic appearance
H2 Microscopic appearance
H2 Immunophenotype
H2 Markers
H2 Genetics
H1 Radiographic features
H2 Plain radiograph
H2 Mammography
H2 Antenatal ultrasound
H2 Transoesophageal echocardiography
H2 Ultrasound
H2 CT
H3 Dual-energy CT
H2 Angiography (DSA)
H2 MRI
H2 CT/MRI
H2 Nuclear medicine
H3 PET-CT
H3 PET-MRI
H1 Radiology report
H1 Treatment and prognosis
H2 Complications
H1 History and etymology
H1 Differential diagnosis
H2 Clinical differential diagnosis
H1 Practical points
H1 See also

"Associations"

Line 59:1 · "Associations" is under the wrong parent heading (found under "Pathology").

"Echocardiography"

Line 72:1 · "Echocardiography" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Coronary CTA"

Line 89:1 · "Coronary CTA" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"CT perfusion"

Line 91:1 · "CT perfusion" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Coronary angiography"

Line 93:1 · "Coronary angiography" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"SPECT"

Line 117:1 · "SPECT" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"PET-CT/PET-MRI"

Line 119:1 · "PET-CT/PET-MRI" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"MRI"

Line 128:1 · "MRI" should be H2, not H3.

Oxford Comma

suggestion

"Attributes, characteristics or exposures that increase the likelihood of developing myocardial ischaemia are coronary artery disease (CAD) and all its associated risk factors ³:"

Line 5:4 · Use the Oxford comma in 'Attributes, characteristics or exposures'.

"tightness or discomfort of the anterior chest, neck, jaw, shoulder or arm"

Line 20:61 · Use the Oxford comma in 'jaw, shoulder or arm'.

"Imaging modalities can depict different pathophysiological events within the ischaemic cascade, such as altered glucose metabolism or perfusion, diastolic and systolic dysfunction including regional wall motion abnormalities and can help in risk stratification."

Line 70:138 · Use the Oxford comma in 'perfusion, diastolic and systolic'.

"The overall prognosis depends on many factors including exact aetiology, the presence, amount and control of underlying risk factors, previous cardiac events and other comorbidities."

Line 148:81 · Use the Oxford comma in 'presence, amount and control'.

Commas

suggestion

"supply-demand mismatch of other causes (tachyarrhythmia/bradyarrhythmia, anaemia, hypotension, shock, severe hypertension, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, etc.)"

Line 57:79 · More than 5 commas in a single sentence might make it more difficult to read.

There Is

suggestion

"There are several non-invasive functional imaging methods for myocardial ischaemia testing ^4,7."

Line 116:4 · Don't start a sentence with 'There are'.

Lint: myocardial-ischemia