Radiopaedia Helpers

Adjectival Hyphens

error

"ischaemia in the absence of chest pain can occur in those with poor visceral sensation (diabetics, post-cardiothoracic surgery)"

Line 27:103 · Only use medical adjectival hyphens where the letters at the end and start of the compound word are the same, e.g. post-transplant. In this case, don't use the hyphen: 'post-cardiothoracic'.

"post-systolic thickening"

Line 149:8 · Only use medical adjectival hyphens where the letters at the end and start of the compound word are the same, e.g. post-transplant. In this case, don't use the hyphen: 'post-systolic'.

"In patients who have established coronary artery narrowing, CT perfusion can be used to predict the significance of the luminal narrowing as well as predict post-infarction myocardial viability/salvageability ^3-4."

Line 158:161 · Only use medical adjectival hyphens where the letters at the end and start of the compound word are the same, e.g. post-transplant. In this case, don't use the hyphen: 'post-infarction'.

"delayed enhancement (7-15 minutes post-CT contrast dose) ⁴"

Line 162:42 · Only use medical adjectival hyphens where the letters at the end and start of the compound word are the same, e.g. post-transplant. In this case, don't use the hyphen: 'post-CT'.

"One study has assessed the utility of a non-ECG-gated 16-slice CT pulmonary angiogram in detecting myocardial infarction. This method suffers from a few problems. First, the relatively early (cf. with CT aortogram/coronary angiogram) phase results in non-homogeneous enhancement of the myocardium. Second, streak artifact (consider saline chaser) from the undiluted contrast in the superior vena cava/right atrium caused "pseudo-areas" of reduced myocardial attenuation. Third, movement artifacts from the beating heart caused areas of increased/decreased attenuation. Despite these problems, this study published optimistic figures of 67% sensitivity and 91% specificity ⁵."

Line 167:461 · Only use medical adjectival hyphens where the letters at the end and start of the compound word are the same, e.g. post-transplant. In this case, don't use the hyphen: 'pseudo-areas"'.

Strong List Colon Position

error

"type I: spontaneous myocardial infarction related to ischaemia from a primary coronary event (e.g. plaque rupture, thrombotic occlusion)"

Line 107:8 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. 'type I: spontaneous'

"type II: secondary to ischaemia from a supply-and-demand mismatch (e.g. sepsis, hypotension, tachyarrhythmia, anaemia)"

Line 108:8 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. 'type II: secondary'

"type III: myocardial infarction resulting in sudden cardiac death"

Line 109:8 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. 'type III: myocardial'

"type IV:"

Line 111:4 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. 'type IV:'

"type IVa: myocardial infarction associated with percutaneous coronary intervention"

Line 113:8 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. 'type IVa: myocardial'

"type IVb: myocardial infarction associated with in-stent thrombosis"

Line 114:8 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. 'type IVb: myocardial'

"type V: myocardial infarction associated with coronary artery bypass surgery"

Line 117:8 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. 'type V: myocardial'

Citation Syntax

error

Line 158:213 · Citations are separated by commas, except when the range is over 2.

Acronyms

warning

"produces an "extensive anterior MI" pattern, with ST-segment elevation in precordial leads V1-6 and limb leads I and aVL"

Line 37:58 · 'ST' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"reciprocal ST-segment depression in lead III"

Line 38:19 · 'ST' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"produces an "apical MI" pattern, with ST-segment elevation in precordial leads V3-6 and most of the limb leads"

Line 45:42 · 'ST' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"reciprocal ST-segment depression in lead aVR"

Line 51:19 · 'ST' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"usually produces an "inferior MI" pattern, with ST-segment elevation in limb leads II, III, and aVF"

Line 57:56 · 'ST' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"reciprocal ST-segment depression in lead I and aVL"

Line 59:15 · 'ST' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"associated right ventricular MI denoted by elevation of the ST segment in III>II and V1>V2"

Line 61:68 · 'ST' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"associated posterior MI pattern has tall right (V1-3) precordial R waves with horizontal ST depression and tall, upright T waves"

Line 62:97 · 'ST' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"usually produces a "high lateral wall MI" pattern, with ST-segment elevation in limb leads I and aVL"

Line 70:64 · 'ST' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"reciprocal ST-segment depression in lead III"

Line 71:19 · 'ST' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"Digital subtraction angiography will show luminal arterial compromise. Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (primary PCI) with angioplasty and stenting is the gold standard for the treatment of ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Patients with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction also commonly undergo coronary angiography as inpatients."

Line 170:134 · 'PCI' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

Line 170:225 · 'ST' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

Line 170:279 · 'ST' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

Headings Valid

warning

Expected headings

H1 Terminology
H1 Usage
H1 Epidemiology
H2 Risk factors
H2 Associations
H1 Clinical presentation
H2 Complications
H1 Diagnosis
H2 Diagnostic criteria
H2 Diagnostic clues
H1 Pathology
H2 Aetiology
H2 Location
H2 Classification
H2 Macroscopic appearance
H2 Microscopic appearance
H2 Immunophenotype
H2 Markers
H2 Genetics
H1 Radiographic features
H2 Plain radiograph
H2 Mammography
H2 Antenatal ultrasound
H2 Transoesophageal echocardiography
H2 Ultrasound
H2 CT
H3 Dual-energy CT
H2 Angiography (DSA)
H2 MRI
H2 CT/MRI
H2 Nuclear medicine
H3 PET-CT
H3 PET-MRI
H1 Radiology report
H1 Treatment and prognosis
H2 Complications
H1 History and etymology
H1 Differential diagnosis
H2 Clinical differential diagnosis
H1 Practical points
H1 See also

"ECG"

Line 31:1 · "ECG" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Echocardiography"

Line 133:1 · "Echocardiography" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"CT coronary angiogram"

Line 152:1 · "CT coronary angiogram" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

""Triple rule-out” coronary CT angiography"

Line 154:1 · ""Triple rule-out” coronary CT angiography" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"CT perfusion"

Line 157:1 · "CT perfusion" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

Commas

suggestion

"cardiovascular risk factors: smoking, hypertension, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, hyperlipidaemia, diabetes, obesity, physical inactivity, air pollution"

Line 13:44 · More than 5 commas in a single sentence might make it more difficult to read.

Semicolons

suggestion

"supplies the lateral and posterior aspect of the left ventricle; in 10% of patients, this artery is dominant, meaning that it supplies the inferior heart and posterior interventricular septum"

Line 100:83 · Use semicolons judiciously.

"The mainstay of laboratory diagnosis revolves around the measurement of a cardiac troponin level; elevation above the 99^th percentile (defining myocardial injury) with a dynamic rise and/or fall (implying an acute change) associated with clinical evidence of acute myocardial ischaemia defines an acute myocardial infarction ¹⁶. Creatine kinase (specifically, CK-MB) is of historical use in this context."

Line 120:107 · Use semicolons judiciously.

"Infarct scars can mimic acute myocardial infarcts as they demonstrate a similar enhancement pattern; however, old infarcts are often associated with myocardial thinning and contour abnormality (bulges away from the ventricle), useful distinguishing features. Subendocardial fat may be present in some cases."

Line 166:103 · Use semicolons judiciously.

Inline EG

suggestion

"type I: spontaneous myocardial infarction related to ischaemia from a primary coronary event (e.g. plaque rupture, thrombotic occlusion)"

Line 107:118 · Consider replacing a bracketed e.g. with an inline e.g. after a comma.

"type II: secondary to ischaemia from a supply-and-demand mismatch (e.g. sepsis, hypotension, tachyarrhythmia, anaemia)"

Line 108:91 · Consider replacing a bracketed e.g. with an inline e.g. after a comma.

Links

acute-coronary-syndrome