Radiopaedia Helpers

intestinal-malrotation

Headings Spacing

error

"Ultrasound "

Line 52:1 · Never put spaces at either end of headings.

"Fluoroscopy "

Line 64:1 · Never put spaces at either end of headings.

Adjectival Hyphens

error

"Post-operatively the duodenum and small bowel remain on the right, and the caecum and colon are on the left side of the abdomen ^5,6."

Line 90:4 · Only use medical adjectival hyphens where the letters at the end and start of the compound word are the same, e.g. post-transplant. In this case, don't use the hyphen: 'Post-operatively'.

Strong

warning

"In incomplete rotation, the midgut does not rotate more than 180°, thus the cephalad (prearterial proximal) portion of the midgut is fixed to the right of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) while the caudad (postarterial distal) midgut is fixed directly anterior to the SMA."

Line 3:7 · Generally, don't use bold in text: '<strong>incomplete rotation</strong>'

Prefix Hyphens

warning

"intra- and extra-hepatic biliary atresia"

Line 33:19 · A prefix takes a hyphen only to avoid a duplicate letter: 'extra-hepatic'.

"A more useful sign to rule out intestinal malrotation is the demonstration the retro-mesenteric D3 segment of the duodenum, where the horizontal (D3) segment of the duodenum should be seen in a transverse plane between the superior mesenteric vessels and the aorta ^8,10,12."

Line 54:83 · A prefix takes a hyphen only to avoid a duplicate letter: 'retro-mesenteric'.

"Although demonstrating a retro-mesenteric duodenum is extremely sensitive and specific for excluding malrotation, it is not perfect and such a normal anatomic relationship has been described in at least one case of surgically treated intestinal malrotation with midgut volvulus ⁹. This case was likely secondary to partial intestinal malrotation, based on the embryological delay described above between the rotation of the duodenojejunal loop and the caecocolic loop."

Line 55:29 · A prefix takes a hyphen only to avoid a duplicate letter: 'retro-mesenteric'.

Headings Valid

warning

Expected headings

H1 Terminology
H1 Usage
H1 Epidemiology
H2 Risk factors
H2 Associations
H1 Clinical presentation
H2 Complications
H1 Diagnosis
H2 Diagnostic criteria
H2 Diagnostic clues
H1 Pathology
H2 Aetiology
H2 Location
H2 Classification
H2 Macroscopic appearance
H2 Microscopic appearance
H2 Immunophenotype
H2 Markers
H2 Genetics
H1 Radiographic features
H2 Plain radiograph
H2 Mammography
H2 Antenatal ultrasound
H2 Transoesophageal echocardiography
H2 Ultrasound
H2 CT
H3 Dual-energy CT
H2 Angiography (DSA)
H2 MRI
H2 CT/MRI
H2 Nuclear medicine
H3 PET-CT
H3 PET-MRI
H1 Radiology report
H1 Treatment and prognosis
H2 Complications
H1 History and etymology
H1 Differential diagnosis
H2 Clinical differential diagnosis
H1 Practical points
H1 See also

"Associations"

Line 19:1 · "Associations" is under the wrong parent heading (found under "Pathology").

"Ultrasound "

Line 52:1 · "Ultrasound " is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Fluoroscopy "

Line 64:1 · "Fluoroscopy " is not a recognised heading for this article type.

Oxford Comma

suggestion

"In some individuals, the presentation is very non-specific, with recurrent episodes of abdominal pain and vomiting, diarrhoea and weight loss, melaena, or chronic pancreatitis ⁵."

Line 13:110 · Use the Oxford comma in 'vomiting, diarrhoea and weight'.

"duodenal atresia, stenosis or web"

Line 25:20 · Use the Oxford comma in 'atresia, stenosis or web'.

Links

gastrointestinal-tract