"AV fistula"
"See the main article renal trauma grading for a detailed description of the AAST classification of renal injuries."
"vasculitis (e.g. scleroderma, PAN, SLE): wedge-shaped defect / striated nephrogram; small vessel microaneurysms; capsular retraction over parenchymal lesions in chronic disease"
"vasculitis (e.g. scleroderma, PAN, SLE): wedge-shaped defect / striated nephrogram; small vessel microaneurysms; capsular retraction over parenchymal lesions in chronic disease"
Expected headings
"Types"
"Associations"
"Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS)"
"Angiography"
"Complications"
"Renal injuries account for ~10% of abdominal trauma, and thus the demographic of affected individuals reflect that population. The incidence of renal injuries increases in pre-existing congenital or acquired renal pathology (e.g. horseshoe kidney, renal cysts)."
"Due to the limited accessibility in the acute setting, and the lack of strong evidence (or expertise) CEUS is currently rarely used in the context of renal trauma. In select cases, it can be a valuable tool for problem-solving or follow-up (e.g. to reduce ionising radiation exposure)."
"Patients tend to present with microscopic or macroscopic haematuria and flank and/or abdominal pain. In more severe cases, hypotension and shock may be present."
"Penetrating trauma is uncommon and may cause injury to the renal parenchyma, vascular or collecting system."
"renal artery thrombosis, transection or dissection (see article: acute renal artery occlusion)"
"Imaging generally should be reserved for the haemodynamically-stable patient; those who are haemodynamically-unstable are often taken directly to the operating theatre."
"vasculitis (e.g. scleroderma, PAN, SLE): wedge-shaped defect / striated nephrogram; small vessel microaneurysms; capsular retraction over parenchymal lesions in chronic disease"
"vasculitis (e.g. scleroderma, PAN, SLE): wedge-shaped defect / striated nephrogram; small vessel microaneurysms; capsular retraction over parenchymal lesions in chronic disease"
"Due to the limited accessibility in the acute setting, and the lack of strong evidence (or expertise) CEUS is currently rarely used in the context of renal trauma. In select cases, it can be a valuable tool for problem-solving or follow-up (e.g. to reduce ionising radiation exposure)."