"Acquired synostoses can occur as rare complications of forearm or ankle fractures. Posttraumatic radioulnar synostosis has been reported in up to 2% 2 and distal tibiofibular synostosis in up to 5% after transsyndesmotic or suprasyndesmotic ankle fractures (AO type 44-B or 44-C) 15."
"Spinal vertebral fusions have been already described by Greek historians 15. The first tarsal coalition has been described by Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon in 1769 13. The first proximal radioulnar synostosis was reported by the Dutch anatomist Eduard Sandifort in 1793 8,9. Craniosynostosis were first precisely categorised by Rudolph Virchow in 1851 16 and the first talonavicular synostosis was reported by RJ Anderson in 1879 17."
Expected headings
"Subtypes"
"synostoses of pubic, ischial and iliac bones (acetabulum, ischiopubic)"
"Management and prognosis of synostoses will depend on the location, type and extent and associated clinical symptoms 2,3. Any physiological synostoses and asymptomatic variants will not require treatment whereas craniosynostosis or posttraumatic radioulnar synostosis might require surgery 2. The development of distal tibiofibular synostosis after ankle surgery on the other hand has been shown to not significantly alter the surgical outcome and therefore will probably also not require further treatment 3."