Radiopaedia Helpers

Citation Punctuation Sup

error

"A provisional diagnosis can often be made by a combination of clinical examination and imaging, especially MRI ^2,7,8,as well as histology ^1-3, should there be a doubt after advanced imaging with the collaboration of a multidisciplinary team ²."

Line 8:122 · Punctuation after citations should never be superscripted. '2,7,8, '

Headings Spacing

error

"Location "

Line 25:1 · Never put spaces at either end of headings.

Strong List Colon Position

error

"T1: low to intermediate signal (iso- to slightly hyperintense vs muscle)"

Line 108:8 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. 'T1: low'

"T2: high intensity in non-mineralised/calcified portions with or without signal voids"

Line 109:8 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. 'T2: high'

"GRE/SWI: blooming of mineralised/calcified portions"

Line 110:8 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. 'GRE/SWI: blooming'

"T1 C+ (Gd): heterogeneous moderate to intense contrast enhancement"

Line 111:8 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. 'T1 C+ (Gd): heterogeneous'

"DCE: arterial enhancement within 10s has been reported to favour chondrosarcoma vs enchondroma ¹¹, though specificity is limited"

Line 112:8 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. 'DCE: arterial'

Units

error

"DCE: arterial enhancement within 10s has been reported to favour chondrosarcoma vs enchondroma ¹¹, though specificity is limited"

Line 112:58 · Put a space between the number and the unit in '10s'.

En Dash

error

"contrast enhancement pattern (DCE – arterial enhancement)"

Line 124:42 · Use a hyphen-minus ('-') instead of an en-dash ('–').

Adjectival Hyphens

error

"Pre-operative histology carries the risk of tumour seeding within the biopsy tract ^6,7,11."

Line 140:4 · Only use medical adjectival hyphens where the letters at the end and start of the compound word are the same, e.g. post-transplant. In this case, don't use the hyphen: 'Pre-operative'.

Strong

warning

"The terminology depends mainly on localisation. Low-grade tumours arising from the long and short tubular bones of the extremities should be termed ‘central atypical cartilaginous tumours’, whereas tumours arising from the axial skeleton, including the flat bones of the pelvis, scapula and skull base, are called chondrosarcoma grade 1 ^1-4."

Line 3:4 · Generally, don't use bold in text: 'The terminology depends mainly on localisation. Low-grade tumours arising from the long and short tubular bones of the extremities should be termed ‘central atypical cartilaginous tumours’, whereas tumours arising from the axial skeleton, including the flat bones of the pelvis, scapula and skull base, are called chondrosarcoma grade 1'

Emphasis

warning

"Individuals with enchondromatosis and a somatic mosaic mutation in IDH1 or IDH2 have a high risk of developing atypical cartilaginous tumours/chondrosarcomas grade 1, especially those with enchondromas in the pelvis or multiple enchondromas in both small and long or flat bones (~46%) ^1,10. The risk in patients with multiple enchondromas confined to the hands and feet is substantially lower (~15%) ^1,10."

Line 24:71 · Italics should be used only in exceptional circumstances: 'IDH1 or IDH2'

"About 50% of primary and 75-80% of secondary low-grade chondrosarcomas display somatic mutations in the IDH1 and IDH2 genes ^1,3."

Line 62:108 · Italics should be used only in exceptional circumstances: 'IDH1'

Headings Valid

warning

Expected headings

H1 Terminology
H1 Usage
H1 Epidemiology
H2 Risk factors
H2 Associations
H1 Clinical presentation
H2 Complications
H1 Diagnosis
H2 Diagnostic criteria
H2 Diagnostic clues
H1 Pathology
H2 Aetiology
H2 Location
H2 Classification
H2 Macroscopic appearance
H2 Microscopic appearance
H2 Immunophenotype
H2 Markers
H2 Genetics
H1 Radiographic features
H2 Plain radiograph
H2 Mammography
H2 Antenatal ultrasound
H2 Transoesophageal echocardiography
H2 Ultrasound
H2 CT
H3 Dual-energy CT
H2 Angiography (DSA)
H2 MRI
H2 CT/MRI
H2 Nuclear medicine
H3 PET-CT
H3 PET-MRI
H1 Radiology report
H1 Treatment and prognosis
H2 Complications
H1 History and etymology
H1 Differential diagnosis
H2 Clinical differential diagnosis
H1 Practical points
H1 See also

"Location "

Line 25:1 · "Location " is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Associations"

Line 63:1 · "Associations" is under the wrong parent heading (found under "Pathology").

"Plain radiograph/CT"

Line 73:1 · "Plain radiograph/CT" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Signal characteristics"

Line 106:1 · "Signal characteristics" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Complications"

Line 138:1 · "Complications" is under the wrong parent heading (found under "Treatment and prognosis").

Oxford Comma

suggestion

"The terminology depends mainly on localisation. Low-grade tumours arising from the long and short tubular bones of the extremities should be termed ‘central atypical cartilaginous tumours’, whereas tumours arising from the axial skeleton, including the flat bones of the pelvis, scapula and skull base, are called chondrosarcoma grade 1 ^1-4."

Line 3:292 · Use the Oxford comma in 'pelvis, scapula and skull'.

"MRI is an important tool in the detection, grading and differentiation of low-grade chondrosarcoma versus enchondroma and intermediate to higher-grade chondrosarcoma, as well as to other bone tumours."

Line 84:36 · Use the Oxford comma in 'detection, grading and differentiation'.

Semicolons

suggestion

"Central atypical cartilaginous tumours/chondrosarcomas grade 1 (ACT/CS1) are aggressive cartilage matrix-forming tumours evolving from endochondral ossification ^1,3. Primary lesions develop without precursor lesions; secondary lesions arise from a pre-existing benign precursor lesion, such as an enchondroma ¹."

Line 22:237 · Use semicolons judiciously.

Biographical Lifespan

suggestion

"History and etymology"

Line 141:1 · A bold element in the History and etymology section should be a person; it would be useful to have their lifespan details: '<h4>History and etymology</h4> Chondrosarcomas were first described by the American bone pathologists Louis Lichtenstein '

Lint: central-atypical-cartilaginous-tumourlow-grade-chondrosarcoma-1