"Location "
"The prognosis of dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma is poor with an overall 5-year survival rate of well below 30% 1-3,10. Treatment includes surgery with wide or radical resection 10. Radiation therapy and chemotherapy have not yet been shown to improve prognosis 1,3. Large tumour size >8cm, the presence of a pathological fracture, pelvic location, inadequate surgical margins and of course metastases are associated with poor outcomes 1."
"Dedifferentiated chondrosarcomas can develop in 10-15% of central chondrosarcomas and a rare percentage of peripheral chondrosarcomas 1,2. They have been found in a wide age range from 15-85 years and a median age between 55-60 years if they develop from a central location 1-5. If they originate from peripheral chondrosarcoma they occur slightly earlier. The male gender is more frequently affected 1,2."
"Dedifferentiated chondrosarcomas can develop in 10-15% of central chondrosarcomas and a rare percentage of peripheral chondrosarcomas 1,2. They have been found in a wide age range from 15-85 years and a median age between 55-60 years if they develop from a central location 1-5. If they originate from peripheral chondrosarcoma they occur slightly earlier. The male gender is more frequently affected 1,2."
"Dedifferentiated chondrosarcomas are highly malignant neoplasms with a bi-morphic histomorphology consisting of chondrosarcoma of any grade juxtaposed to a high-grade non-cartilaginous sarcoma such as an undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, osteosarcoma, spindle cell sarcoma, and less commonly rhabdomyosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma or angiosarcoma 1,5."
"Identical TP53 and IDH mutations might be found in conventional chondrogenic and dedifferentiated sarcomatous tumour components and then indicate a common origin of both parts 1."
Expected headings
"Location "
"Plain radiograph/CT"
"Complications"
"Dedifferentiated chondrosarcomas are highly malignant neoplasms with a bi-morphic histomorphology consisting of chondrosarcoma of any grade juxtaposed to a high-grade non-cartilaginous sarcoma such as an undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, osteosarcoma, spindle cell sarcoma, and less commonly rhabdomyosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma or angiosarcoma 1,5."
"The high-grade component usually displays histological features of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma or osteosarcoma, less frequently those of rhabdomyosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma or angiosarcoma and in very rare occasions squamous, epithelial or adamantinoma-like features 1. The ratio between chondrosarcoma and high-grade sarcoma tumour proportion is highly variable, ranging between 2% and 98% 1."
"The high-grade component usually displays histological features of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma or osteosarcoma, less frequently those of rhabdomyosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma or angiosarcoma and in very rare occasions squamous, epithelial or adamantinoma-like features 1. The ratio between chondrosarcoma and high-grade sarcoma tumour proportion is highly variable, ranging between 2% and 98% 1."
"periosteal reaction (most common: solid; very rarely: spiculated)"
"History and etymology"