"although cavitation is present in ~ 50% of cases, is seen less frequently on plain film"
"Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (previously known as Wegener granulomatosis), is a multi-system systemic necrotising non-caseating granulomatous vasculitis affecting small to medium-sized arteries, capillaries and veins."
"Necrotising granulomatous inflammation begins as large areas of inflammation and fibrosis comprising giant cells and microabscesses which enlarge into granulomatous nodules or masses that develop extensive necrosis and can cavitate."
"Vasculitis affects small to medium-sized arteries and veins in a segmental pattern."
"Capillaritis and alveolar haemorrhage often coexists with granulomatous inflammation and vasculitis."
"Biopsy is diagnostically necessary in ANCA-negative disease; surgical lung biopsy is optimal but transbronchial or needle biopsy can yield sufficient material."
Expected headings
"Complications"
"Thoracic manifestations of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), which is a type of pulmonary angiitis and granulomatosis, are common; with lung involvement seen in about 95% of cases."
"Biopsy is diagnostically necessary in ANCA-negative disease; surgical lung biopsy is optimal but transbronchial or needle biopsy can yield sufficient material."
"Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (previously known as Wegener granulomatosis), is a multi-system systemic necrotising non-caseating granulomatous vasculitis affecting small to medium-sized arteries, capillaries and veins."
"peripheral wedge-like consolidation: in some cases, focal and often peripheral regions of alveolar consolidation are seen, which may also cavitate 15"