"if initially presenting with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), multiple sclerosis can be diagnosed if there is a second clinical attack consistent with typical multiple sclerosis or new T2 lesions in typical multiple sclerosis anatomical locations >90 days post-ADEM onset"
"1 or more new hyperintense T2 lesions compared to a scan performed at least 30 days after onset of symptoms."
"These imaging criteria are combined with:"
"2017 "
"AND one or more of the following"
"OR"
"AND one or more of the following"
"OR"
"AND one or more of the following"
"CSF positivity AND central vein sign positivity"
"CSF positivity AND paramagnetic rim lesion positivity"
"dissemination in time AND central vein sign positivity"
"dissemination in time AND paramagnetic rim lesion positivity"
"AND one or more of the following"
"presence of ≥1 T2-hyperintense or gadolinium-enhancing lesion when compared to a previous baseline MRI scan (irrespective of timing)OR"
"presence of CSF-restricted oligoclonal bands (OCB) (types 2 or 3)OR"
"OR"
"optic nerve lesions should have no better explanation (e.g. without prominent chiasmal involvement, optic perineuritis, or longitudinally extensive optic nerve lesion)"
"optical coherence tomography (OCT)-derived peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (pRFNL) or macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) inter-eye differences of ≥6 µm and ≥4 µm respectively, support unilateral optic nerve involvement to demonstrate dissemination in space"
"delayed visual evoked potential (VEP) latency or asymmetric inter-ocular latencies (≥2.5 standard deviations than mean for both absolute peak P100 latency and inter-ocular latency), support unilateral optic nerve involvement to demonstrate dissemination in space"
"delayed visual evoked potential (VEP) latency or asymmetric inter-ocular latencies (≥2.5 standard deviations than mean for both absolute peak P100 latency and inter-ocular latency), support unilateral optic nerve involvement to demonstrate dissemination in space"
Expected headings
"Changes from 2017 criteria"
"Diagnosis"
"Typical presentation"
"Atypical presentation"
"Older patients or those with cardiovascular risk factors"
"Paediatric patients"
"Dissemination in space"
"Dissemination in time"
"Cerebrospinal fluid positivity"
"Central vein sign positivity"
"Paramagnetic rim lesion positivity"
"Previous versions"
"2001"
"Disseminated in space"
"Disseminated in time"
"These imaging criteria are combined with:"
"2005"
"2010"
"Dissemination in space"
"Dissemination in time"
"Primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS)"
"2017 "
"optic nerve lesions should have no better explanation (e.g. without prominent chiasmal involvement, optic perineuritis, or longitudinally extensive optic nerve lesion)"