"Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome also encompasses hypertensive brainstem encephalopathy (HBE), which is best described as an aetiology of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome with central features, so-called central posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (central PRES)."
"Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome also encompasses hypertensive brainstem encephalopathy (HBE), which is best described as an aetiology of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome with central features, so-called central posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (central PRES)."
"DWI: usually normal, sometimes hyperintense due to oedema (T2 shine-through) or true restricted diffusion"
"spinal cord involvement ("PRES-SCI")"
"SMART syndrome"
"However, the presentation can be quite varied, and may include other neurological symptoms such as ataxia, focal neurological deficits, vertigo, nausea/vomiting, or tinnitus 19. Additionally, if patients have posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome due to marked hypertension, there may be other clinical sequelae of hypertension present (e.g. renal impairment)."
"drug toxicity: e.g. tacrolimus, ciclosporin, bevacizumab, methotrexate, vincristine, cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids, rituximab, fluorouracil, cytarabine, bortezomib, azathioprine, L-asparaginase, ustekinumab, etc. 10,15,17,18,31"
"Typical posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome manifests as bilateral vasogenic oedema within the occipital and parietal regions (70-90% of cases), perhaps relating to the posterior cerebral artery supply. Despite its name, however, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome can be found in a non-posterior distribution, mainly in watershed areas, including within the frontal, inferior temporal, cerebellar, and brainstem regions 2,19. Both cortical and subcortical locations are affected."
"However, the presentation can be quite varied, and may include other neurological symptoms such as ataxia, focal neurological deficits, vertigo, nausea/vomiting, or tinnitus 19. Additionally, if patients have posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome due to marked hypertension, there may be other clinical sequelae of hypertension present (e.g. renal impairment)."
"acute infarct demonstrates restricted diffusion; posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome with vasogenic oedema alone does not restrict"