Radiopaedia Helpers

Citation Punctuation Sup

error

"Lung metastases are common. The incidence of synchronous lung metastasis at initial cancer presentation is approximately 18 per 100,000 population, noting that this figure does not include metachronous metastases (occurring after initial cancer staging) ⁸. Around 4% of all cancer cases present with synchronous lung metastases ^8."

Line 4:343 · Punctuation after citations should never be superscripted. '<sup>8. </sup>'

Prefix Hyphens

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"haematogenous capillary embolisation and intra-parenchymal growth"

Line 14:49 · A prefix takes a hyphen only to avoid a duplicate letter: 'intra-parenchymal'.

List Caps

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"Ewing sarcoma"

Line 35:11 · In general, we don't start a list item with a capital letter. Exceptions are proper nouns.

"Ewing sarcoma"

Line 41:11 · In general, we don't start a list item with a capital letter. Exceptions are proper nouns.

Headings Valid

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Expected headings

H1 Terminology
H1 Usage
H1 Epidemiology
H2 Risk factors
H2 Associations
H1 Clinical presentation
H2 Complications
H1 Diagnosis
H2 Diagnostic criteria
H2 Diagnostic clues
H1 Pathology
H2 Aetiology
H2 Location
H2 Classification
H2 Macroscopic appearance
H2 Microscopic appearance
H2 Immunophenotype
H2 Markers
H2 Genetics
H1 Radiographic features
H2 Plain radiograph
H2 Mammography
H2 Antenatal ultrasound
H2 Transoesophageal echocardiography
H2 Ultrasound
H2 CT
H3 Dual-energy CT
H2 Angiography (DSA)
H2 MRI
H2 CT/MRI
H2 Nuclear medicine
H3 PET-CT
H3 PET-MRI
H1 Radiology report
H1 Treatment and prognosis
H2 Complications
H1 History and etymology
H1 Differential diagnosis
H2 Clinical differential diagnosis
H1 Practical points
H1 See also

"Dual energy CT"

Line 89:1 · "Dual energy CT" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Complications"

Line 95:1 · "Complications" is under the wrong parent heading (found under "Treatment and prognosis").

Oxford Comma

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"In adolescents aged 10 to 20, bone and soft tissue sarcomas are the major sources in both sexes ⁸. Under age 10, kidney and soft tissue tumours dominate ⁸. The most common primaries for paediatric pulmonary metastases are the following histologies:"

Line 30:30 · Use the Oxford comma in '20, bone and soft'.

Line 30:138 · Use the Oxford comma in '10, kidney and soft'.

"Calcification, although uncommon and more frequently a feature of benign aetiology (e.g. granuloma or hamartoma), is also seen with metastases, particularly those from papillary thyroid carcinoma and adenocarcinomas. Treated metastases, osteosarcomas and chondrosarcomas may also contain calcified densities ¹."

Line 87:236 · Use the Oxford comma in 'metastases, osteosarcomas and chondrosarcomas'.

Commas

suggestion

"Pulmonary metastases typically appear as multiple, peripheral, rounded nodules scattered throughout both lungs ¹. Larger nodules and masses may be termed cannonball metastases. Atypical features include consolidation, cavitation, cystic change, calcification, ossification, haemorrhage, and secondary pneumothorax."

Line 64:245 · More than 5 commas in a single sentence might make it more difficult to read.

Links

lung