"T1: affected region typically isointense (to extraocular muscles) 1 but can also be hypointense 1-3"
"T2: affected region typically hypointense due to fibrosis and with more progression of fibrosis it becomes more hypointense, but the signal can also be iso- to hyperintense to extra-ocular muscles 2"
"T1 C+ (Gd): moderate to marked diffuse enhancement"
"Riedel thyroiditis"
"T2: affected region typically hypointense due to fibrosis and with more progression of fibrosis it becomes more hypointense, but the signal can also be iso- to hyperintense to extra-ocular muscles 2"
Expected headings
"Associations"
"Patients typically present with rapid-onset, usually unilateral, painful proptosis and diplopia. In a minority of cases (8-20%) bilateral involvement may occur either simultaneously or metachronously 8-10. Idiopathic orbital inflammation is a diagnosis of exclusion; atypical presentation, poor response to treatment with corticosteroid and recurrence should prompt biopsy to exclude other diseases."
"posterior pseudotumour: in the fat at the orbital apex; distinguished from Tolosa-Hunt syndrome in that the cavernous sinus is spared"
"One of the main differential diagnoses of idiopathic orbital inflammation is orbital lymphoma. There is considerable overlap between these entities both clinically and radiologically. However, orbital lymphoma usually presents as a progressive orbitopathy rather than acutely, is more often bilateral, shows lower values on ADC, and does not respond to corticosteroid."