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Lint: paraganglioma

paraganglioma
Headings Spacing
error

"Radiographic features "

Line 77:1 · Never put spaces at either end of headings.

"MRI "

Line 87:1 · Never put spaces at either end of headings.
Isotope Notation
error

"Both anatomical and functional imaging of paragangliomas is required for diagnosis and staging. Anatomical imaging includes CT and MRI. Multiple functional imaging modalities exist: 123I-MIBG scintigraphy, 18F-FDA PET, 18F-DOPA PET, 18F-FDG PET and 68Ga-DOTATATE PET."

Line 78:191 · Write the isotope as symbol-mass, e.g. F-18, not '123I'.

"Both anatomical and functional imaging of paragangliomas is required for diagnosis and staging. Anatomical imaging includes CT and MRI. Multiple functional imaging modalities exist: 123I-MIBG scintigraphy, 18F-FDA PET, 18F-DOPA PET, 18F-FDG PET and 68Ga-DOTATATE PET."

Line 78:226 · Write the isotope as symbol-mass, e.g. F-18, not '18F'.

"Both anatomical and functional imaging of paragangliomas is required for diagnosis and staging. Anatomical imaging includes CT and MRI. Multiple functional imaging modalities exist: 123I-MIBG scintigraphy, 18F-FDA PET, 18F-DOPA PET, 18F-FDG PET and 68Ga-DOTATATE PET."

Line 78:250 · Write the isotope as symbol-mass, e.g. F-18, not '18F'.

"Both anatomical and functional imaging of paragangliomas is required for diagnosis and staging. Anatomical imaging includes CT and MRI. Multiple functional imaging modalities exist: 123I-MIBG scintigraphy, 18F-FDA PET, 18F-DOPA PET, 18F-FDG PET and 68Ga-DOTATATE PET."

Line 78:275 · Write the isotope as symbol-mass, e.g. F-18, not '18F'.

"Both anatomical and functional imaging of paragangliomas is required for diagnosis and staging. Anatomical imaging includes CT and MRI. Multiple functional imaging modalities exist: 123I-MIBG scintigraphy, 18F-FDA PET, 18F-DOPA PET, 18F-FDG PET and 68Ga-DOTATATE PET."

Line 78:302 · Write the isotope as symbol-mass, e.g. F-18, not '68Ga'.

"tumour-specific catecholamine production: 123I-MIBG, 18F-FDA and 18F-DOPA"

Line 108:55 · Write the isotope as symbol-mass, e.g. F-18, not '123I'.

"tumour-specific catecholamine production: 123I-MIBG, 18F-FDA and 18F-DOPA"

Line 108:77 · Write the isotope as symbol-mass, e.g. F-18, not '18F'.

"tumour-specific catecholamine production: 123I-MIBG, 18F-FDA and 18F-DOPA"

Line 108:100 · Write the isotope as symbol-mass, e.g. F-18, not '18F'.

"glucose: 18F-FDG"

Line 109:22 · Write the isotope as symbol-mass, e.g. F-18, not '18F'.

"somatostatin receptor (overexpressed in paragangliomas): 68Ga-DOTATATE"

Line 110:70 · Write the isotope as symbol-mass, e.g. F-18, not '68Ga'.

"123I-MIBG scintigraphy"

Line 115:9 · Write the isotope as symbol-mass, e.g. F-18, not '123I'.

"18F-DOPA PET"

Line 122:9 · Write the isotope as symbol-mass, e.g. F-18, not '18F'.

"18F-FDA PET"

Line 129:9 · Write the isotope as symbol-mass, e.g. F-18, not '18F'.

"18F-FDG PET"

Line 136:9 · Write the isotope as symbol-mass, e.g. F-18, not '18F'.

"68Ga-DOTATATE PET"

Line 143:9 · Write the isotope as symbol-mass, e.g. F-18, not '68Ga'.
Strong List Colon Position
error

"T1 C+ (Gd): heterogeneous, usually vivid, prolonged enhancement"

Line 103:8 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. '<strong>T1 C+ (Gd):</strong> heterogeneous'
Strong
warning

""Glomus" was historically used to describe certain neuroendocrine tumours arising from paraganglia, leading to the term glomus tumours for paragangliomas in older texts. The term is, however, imprecise and can be confused with the glomus bodies and tumours that arise from them, referred to as glomangioma (or glomus tumour) 19. It should thus be avoided."

Line 3:124 · Generally, don't use bold in text: '<strong>glomus tumours</strong>'

"It is important to note that paragangliomas and phaeochromocytomas are closely related pathologically, developmentally, and functionally. The term phaeochromocytoma/paraganglioma is thus often used to group them together. This is the case in the WHO classification of endocrine and neuroendocrine tumours (5th edition), which then divides them into sympathetic paragangliomas and parasympathetic gangliomas, discussed below, and phaeochromocytoma, discussed separately 18."

Line 4:151 · Generally, don't use bold in text: '<strong>phaeochromocytoma/paraganglioma</strong>'
Emphasis
warning

"Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome and neurofibromatosis type 1 are more commonly associated with phaeochromocytomas. SDH mutations are common in head and neck paragangliomas, except for SDHB, which is associated with sympathetic paragangliomas. SDHB also confers a higher risk of malignancy 2,18."

Line 22:135 · Italics should be used only in exceptional circumstances: '<em>SDH</em> mutations are common in <a>head and neck paragangliomas</a>, except for <em>SDHB</em>, which is associated with sympathetic paragangliomas. <em>SDHB</em>'

"Paragangliomas are the most strongly hereditary group of tumours. The most common genetic cause of hereditary paragangliomas is mutations in the succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) subunit (genes: SDHB, SDHD, SDHA or SDHAF2) 2."

Line 76:202 · Italics should be used only in exceptional circumstances: '<em>SDHB</em>, <em>SDHD</em>, <em>SDHA</em> or <em>SDHAF2</em>'

"strength: malignancy, SDHB-mutations, von Hippel-Lindau syndrome 8,13"

Line 138:30 · Italics should be used only in exceptional circumstances: '<em>SDHB</em>'

"strength: overall viable imaging modality; proven superiority in sporadic disease, SDHB-mutations, head and neck lesions 14-16"

Line 145:91 · Italics should be used only in exceptional circumstances: '<em>SDHB</em>'
Acronyms
warning

"GFAP"

Line 73:11 · 'GFAP' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"Both anatomical and functional imaging of paragangliomas is required for diagnosis and staging. Anatomical imaging includes CT and MRI. Multiple functional imaging modalities exist: 123I-MIBG scintigraphy, 18F-FDA PET, 18F-DOPA PET, 18F-FDG PET and 68Ga-DOTATATE PET."

Line 78:234 · 'F-FDA' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"Both anatomical and functional imaging of paragangliomas is required for diagnosis and staging. Anatomical imaging includes CT and MRI. Multiple functional imaging modalities exist: 123I-MIBG scintigraphy, 18F-FDA PET, 18F-DOPA PET, 18F-FDG PET and 68Ga-DOTATATE PET."

Line 78:258 · 'F-DOPA' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"tumour-specific catecholamine production: 123I-MIBG, 18F-FDA and 18F-DOPA"

Line 108:85 · 'F-FDA' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"tumour-specific catecholamine production: 123I-MIBG, 18F-FDA and 18F-DOPA"

Line 108:108 · 'F-DOPA' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"18F-DOPA PET"

Line 122:17 · 'F-DOPA' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"18F-FDA PET"

Line 129:17 · 'F-FDA' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.
Headings Valid
warning

Expected headings

  • H1 Terminology
  • H1 Usage
  • H1 Epidemiology
  • H2 Risk factors
  • H2 Associations
  • H1 Clinical presentation
  • H2 Complications
  • H1 Diagnosis
  • H2 Diagnostic criteria
  • H2 Diagnostic clues
  • H1 Pathology
  • H2 Aetiology
  • H2 Location
  • H2 Classification
  • H2 Macroscopic appearance
  • H2 Microscopic appearance
  • H2 Immunophenotype
  • H2 Markers
  • H2 Genetics
  • H1 Radiographic features
  • H2 Plain radiograph
  • H2 Mammography
  • H2 Antenatal ultrasound
  • H2 Transoesophageal echocardiography
  • H2 Ultrasound
  • H2 CT
  • H3 Dual-energy CT
  • H2 Angiography (DSA)
  • H2 MRI
  • H2 CT/MRI
  • H2 Nuclear medicine
  • H3 PET-CT
  • H3 PET-MRI
  • H1 Radiology report
  • H1 Treatment and prognosis
  • H2 Complications
  • H1 History and etymology
  • H1 Differential diagnosis
  • H2 Clinical differential diagnosis
  • H1 Practical points
  • H1 See also

"Associations"

Line 12:1 · "Associations" is under the wrong parent heading (found under "Pathology").

"Parasympathetic paragangliomas"

Line 25:1 · "Parasympathetic paragangliomas" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Sympathetic paragangliomas"

Line 35:1 · "Sympathetic paragangliomas" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Radiographic features "

Line 77:1 · "Radiographic features " is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"CT"

Line 80:1 · "CT" is under the wrong parent heading (found under "Radiographic features ").

"MRI "

Line 87:1 · "MRI " is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Nuclear medicine"

Line 105:1 · "Nuclear medicine" is under the wrong parent heading (found under "Radiographic features ").
Oxford Comma
suggestion

""Glomus" was historically used to describe certain neuroendocrine tumours arising from paraganglia, leading to the term glomus tumours for paragangliomas in older texts. The term is, however, imprecise and can be confused with the glomus bodies and tumours that arise from them, referred to as glomangioma (or glomus tumour) 19. It should thus be avoided."

Line 3:204 · Use the Oxford comma in 'however, imprecise and can'.

"Sympathetic paragangliomas present with features of catecholamine excess, such as headaches, palpitations, diaphoresis and hypertension. Whereas parasympathetic paragangliomas present more commonly with mass effects such as cranial nerve palsies, a neck mass, or tinnitus."

Line 8:97 · Use the Oxford comma in 'palpitations, diaphoresis and hypertension'.

"Paragangliomas are the most strongly hereditary group of tumours. The most common genetic cause of hereditary paragangliomas is mutations in the succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) subunit (genes: SDHB, SDHD, SDHA or SDHAF2) 2."

Line 76:221 · Use the Oxford comma in 'SDHD, SDHA or SDHAF2'.

"strength: overall viable imaging modality; proven superiority in sporadic disease, SDHB-mutations, head and neck lesions 14-16"

Line 145:105 · Use the Oxford comma in 'mutations, head and neck'.
Semicolons
suggestion

"cardiac (extremely rare; may be located along the epicardium, in the atrial cavity, the interatrial septum or the ventricles) 3"

Line 57:31 · Use semicolons judiciously.

"strength: overall viable imaging modality; proven superiority in sporadic disease, SDHB-mutations, head and neck lesions 14-16"

Line 145:49 · Use semicolons judiciously.
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